Heater for molds.



J. M; ROTH. HEATER FOR MOLDS. APPLICATION FILED AUG- 14. 1915.

Patented Sept. 26,1916.

' UNITED STATES PATENT omoE. v

. JACOB 'M. BOTH, OF PITTSBURGH, PEllI'NSYLVANILA. A

' HEATER For. MoLns;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1916.

Application filed August 14, 1915. Serial No. 45,496.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that-I, JACOB M. ROTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, for Molds, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanydrawings.

This invention relates to an improved heater for .molds and more particularly to means whereby the ferrous core in a metal mold of the type disclosed in my prior Patent 1,165,025, Dec. 21, 1915, may be heated to a temperature slightly below the fusing point so that the copper or other non-ferrous metal poured into the mold around the core will be maintained in a molten state, and the chilling effect of the mold walls upon the molten metal counteracted.

It'is another object of the invention to provide a heater for molds of the above type embodying an electrode of improved form adapted to be seated within the mold head upon the upper end of the core, the heat being transmitted through said core to the molten sleeve of metal surrounding the same and the peripheral face of the core reduced to a plastic consistency so that the molecules of the molten metal and of the metal core will homogeneously unite and the line of demarcation will be obliterated, whereby a perfect weld between the two metals is produced.

It is another obj ect of the present inven tion to provide aheating electrode for the mold core having depending lips on its base disposed on diametrically op osite sides of the core and dividing the inter or of the head when the electrode is in position, into spaced pouring openings or chambers.

The invention has for a further general object to provide means forheating the molten contents of the mold to a high temperature without producing oxidation, said means being comparatively inexpensive and capable of being easily and quickly placed in position withln the mold head or removed therefrom.

of construction, combination and arranger ment of parts to be hereinafter more fully" described, claimed and-illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view posed in through a mold of thetype disclosed in my prlorapplication above referred to; Fig. 2

1s a similar section taken at right angles to Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a top plan view.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 5 designates the body of the mold which may be constructed from cast iron, steel, carborundum, or other suitable material; This mold body may be round, square, hexagonal, or of' any other desired cross-sectional form and is provided at the base of the core receiving chamber 6 with an inclined or beveled shoulder 7 communicating with the seat 8 which is adapted to receive the lower end of the steel or iron core rod or billet, indicated at C. The core C is of smaller diameter than the diameter of the chamber 6, and the beveled or inclined shoulder 7 serves to direct the lower end of the core in place upon said seatwhen the core is inserted into the mold so that the core body will be concentrically spaced in the mold wall.

The upper edge of the body wall of the mold is provided with a continuous circular groove, shown at 9, which constitutes a seat for a packing ring 10. In conjunction withthe body 5 of the mold, aremovable. head section, indicated at 11, is employed. This head section of the mold tapers longitudinally and is provided upon its larger base end with an outwardly ofi'set annular flange 12 for engagement over the upper end of the mold body. Thus, an inwardly ex- I tending, horizontal, annular shoulder 13 is formed with a section 15 extending upwardly from the shoulder 13 which is disparallel'relatio'n to the longitudinal axis 0 the head and constitutes what IS,

in efiect, a continuation of the, inner surface of the body wall of the mold when the head is in place thereon. All annular beveled or inclined shoulder 16 connects this inner wall section 15 of the mold head to the remaining tapering section of .said wall.

I have above described a particular construction of the mold head which I believe to be most conducive to the best results in the use of a mold in conjunction with my ently be described. It is, however, to be borne in mind that the heater may, with obvious modifications, be employed in con-: nection with mold heads of various .other' constructions and that I' do not desire to limit myself to the particular type of head disclosed in the accompanying drawing.

As previously stated, it is the primary purpose of my present invention to provide means for heating the fluidmetal contents of the mold and preventing chilling of the same by the mold walls and without producing oxidation of the metal. To this end, I employ an electrode, shown at 17, which may be formed from hard carbon, graphite, plumbago, or any other'.material of like character. I preferably construct this electrode with a straight, elongated, cylindrical portion 18 and a flaring or conical base sec tion 19. This base section of the electrode is provided upon its end with the laterally extending lugs 20, said lugs being formed with the angular-1y disposed arcuate lips or flanges- 21. v It' will be observed that when the core 6 is arranged within the mold body, the sameprojects slightly above the upper edge of said body. Thus, when the electrode is arranged in place with its conical base seated upon the upper end of the core, the flanges or lips21 will extend over the peripheral face of the core and between the same and the body'wall of the mold, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing. The head section 11. of the mold is now arranged in position by inserting the same downwardly over the core and the longitudinallyextending inner wall section 15 ofv this head fits snugly against the outer surfaces of the lips or flanges 21 when the head section is properly seated upon the packing ring 14. The upper end of the electrode 17 is provided with a terminal plate 22, to which one terminal of an electric? circuit of high amperage is adapted to be connected. The other end the body of the mold around the steel or iron core, through-either of the passages or openings, indicated at 23, in the base of the mold head, which are formed by the provision of the spaced flanges 21 on the electrode. When the molten copper is poured into the mold body through one of the pouring openings, the gases arising therefrom will readily escape from the other opening. Either before or while the molten metal is being poured, the charging circuit for the electrode is closed and the core 6 becomes highly heated, the temperature thereof being as great or v in excess of the temperature of the molten copper. It is understood, of course, that a considerably higher temperature would be required to reduce the steel or iron core to' the fusing point than is the case with a core. It will be understood that the heat is transmitted at the periphery of the core rod or billet to the surrounding sleeve of molten metal, and this intense heat at the periphery of the core renders the peripheral face of the latter somewhat plastic so that the molecules of copper or other relatively soft metal may interpenetrate with the molecules of the harder steel or iron and thus produce a homogeneous unity or weld between the two metals, entirely obliterating the line of de'- marcation therebetween. After the lapse of a sufficient length of time with the metals softer metal which is to be welded to said molten metal will gradually cool from the base of the mold progressively in an upward direction. mold head 11 is also partly filled with the molten metal. This metal in the head and the upper portion" of the mold which is next adjacent to the electrode will, of course, retain the heat the greatest length of time and the relatively soft metal sleeve surrounding the hard steel or iron core and welded thereto, will set compactly and be of uniform consistency, owing to the gradual and progressive cooling thereof. The heated gasesarising from the cooling molten metal escape upwardly through the openings 23 inthe mold head 11.

In the manner above explained, I am able, by means of my invention, to obtain a perfectly welded copper coating or sheath upon a steel or iron core, without necessitating the construction of a relatively expensive furnace for the mold and its contents, asin the methods now in common use. After the metal sheath has solidified upon the core 6, the electrode 18 is lifted from the upper end of the core and the lips, or extensions20 on the base thereof engaging against the in- When the metal is poured, the

clined'shoulder 16, also lift the head section 11 from the body ofthe mold. The metal removed with the mold head is poured therefrom for use in a subsequent casting operation, and the upper end of the copper sheath orfcoat may then be suitably trimmed.

From" the foregoing description, it is believed that the-construction of the present invention and the manner in which the same is to be employed in the art will=be fully and clearly understood. The provision of the heating electrode for the contents of the ,mold results in the production of a very superior article while, at the same time, materially reducing the manufacturing cost thereof. The electrode and mold head may be very easily and quickly arranged in position upon the body of the mold or removed therefrom.

, While I have above refered ,to the applis cation of the present invention to a ferrous metal core rod or billet, it will, of course,

'be understood that the same may also be applied to a non-ferrous metal core. In many lnstances, 1t may not be necessary or (1631B- able to use a mold and, in such cases, the

electrode may, nevertheless, be applied to the end of the core rod in the manner above stated, for the purpose of heating the same to eifect a weld betweenthe rod and the Letters Patent is metal coat or sheath.

The device may also be employed by first applying the electrodeto the core and heating the core by passing the electric current therethrough to a temperature approximating the predetermined temperature ofthe molten metal to bepoured around the core, whereby'a true and perfect weld may be produced. I

While I have shown. and described the preferred construction and arrangement of the several features of the device, it will be understood that the same is susceptible of considerable modification therein and I,

therefore, reserve the privilege of resorting to all such legitimate changes as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by 1. The combination with a .mold body and a removable ferrous metal core rod, of an electrode adapted. to be seated'u'pon the upper end of the core rod to heat the same to a temperature slightly below the fusing point through which a non-ferrous metal poured into the mold around the core rod is heated to a temperature above the fusing metal poured into the mold around said core whereby the latter is maintained at a temperature abovethe fusing point thereof to effect a homogeneous weld between the two metals when the same are subsequently cooled. 4 3. The combination with a mold anda removable ferrous metal core, of an electrode adapted to be seated upon the upper end of p the core and provided with spaced lips to extend between the periphery ofthe core and the wall of the mold whereby spaced pouring openings are formed, said electrode being adapted to heat the core to a temperv;

ature slightly below the fusing point thereof I p and such heat being transmitted to the molten non-ferrous metal poured into' the mold around the-core to maintain the latter at a temperature above its fusing point whereby the two metals becomes homogeneously welded together when they are subsequently 'cooled.

' 4. The combination with a mold and a ferrous metal core, of an electrode adapted and provided with opposed arcuatelips extending downwardly upon opposite sides of the core and cooperating with the wallof .the mold to form spaced pouring openings,

saidflips preventing lateral shifting movetobe seated upon the upper end of the core mentof the electrode with respect to the q core, said core being heated to a-temperature slightly below its fusing point by the electric current from the electrode -and 'such' heat transmitted to the molten non-ferrous to heat the latter-to a temperature above its f singpoint, whereby the two metals'bethey are subsequently cooled.

5. The combination with a mold body having a' removable head section and a re movable ferrous metal core, of an electrode metal poured into the mold around the'core come homogeneously welded together when adapted to be seated upon the upper end of the core to transmit a current of electrlcity therethrough whereby the core is heated to a temperature slightly below its fusing point and such heat transmitted to a molten non-ferrous metal poured into the mold around the core whereby the latter metal is maintained at a temperature above its fusing pointso that the two metalsbe-v come homogeneously welded together when subsequently cooled, said electrode and the head section of the mold'being provided with means for co-engagement when the electrode is lifted from' the 'core, .whereby the head section is also removed from the body of the mold.

6. The combination with a mold body and a removable ferrous metal core rod, of

means for heating said 'rod' by directcon-- tact therewith, said means being constructed so as to afford pouring openings between the ,7

core and the mold wall for-a non-ferrous metal, said core rod being. adapted to be heated to a temperature slightly below the fusing point of the ferrous metal and above the fusing point of thenon-ferrous metal to 'e'ifect'a homogeneous weld between the unlike metals.

7. The combination with a mold bodyand a removable ferrous metal core, said body being provided in its base with a seat for the core to support the same in spaced relation to thevertical wall of the mold, of

heating means adapted to be seated upon the upper end of the core rod and of such construction as to afford pouring openings between the periphery of the core rod and the wall of the mold through which a nonferrous metal may be poured into the mold around said core, said heating means being adapted to heat the core rod to a temperature slightly below the fusing point thereof but above the fusing point of the nonferrous metal to effect an inter-penetration of the molecules of the unlike metals at the:

periphery of the core rod.

8. The combination with a mold body having a removable head section, said mold body being provided in its base with a seat to receive a ferrous metal core and support the same in spaced relation to the vertical mold Walls, of heating means adapted to be seated upon the upper end of the core rod within the mold head to heat the core rod to a temperature slightly below its fusing point but above the fusing point of the nonferrous metal surrounding the core to efiect a homogeneous weld between the unlike metals, said heating means when lifted from its applied position having portions engaging the mold head whereby the same is also lifted from the mold body. I

9. The combinationwith a mold adapted to receive ferrous and non-ferrous metals to be welded together, of means for'transmitting heat directly to the ferrous metal to heat the same to a temperature slightly below its fusing point but abovethe fusing point of the non-ferrous metal whereby the two metals become simultaneously welded together when they are subsequently cooled.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my I signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JACOB M. ROTH. Witnesses:

SIMON F; LoEB, EDWARD W. Fac'roms. 

